自動化設備在我(wo)國，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人的(de)(de)最初(chu)應用(yong)是在汽(qi)(qi)車(che)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)，主要用(yong)于汽(qi)(qi)車(che)及(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)的(de)(de)噴涂及(ji)焊接(jie)。目前，由于機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人技術以(yi)及(ji)研發的(de)(de)落(luo)后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人還(huan)主要應用(yong)在制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，非制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)較少。據(ju)統計，近(jin)(jin)幾年(nian)國內廠家所生產的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人有(you)超過一半是提供給汽(qi)(qi)車(che)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)。可(ke)見，汽(qi)(qi)車(che)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發展是近(jin)(jin)幾年(nian)我(wo)國工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人增長的(de)(de)原動力之一。

1、位(wei)于傳(chuan)感器(qi)：當(dang)物件(jian)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)發生移(yi)(yi)(yi)動或兩(liang)個表面(mian)有位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)差別(bie)時，位(wei)移(yi)(yi)(yi)量或位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)差可用位(wei)移(yi)(yi)(yi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)來測(ce)量。比如(ru)激(ji)光(guang)位(wei)移(yi)(yi)(yi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)，將激(ji)光(guang)束投射到物件(jian)上，利(li)用三角測(ce)量法測(ce)量出物件(jian)的位(wei)移(yi)(yi)(yi)量。

2、視(shi)覺傳感器：機(ji)(ji)器視(shi)覺檢測（識別）系統一般(ban)由數碼攝像(xiang)機(ji)(ji)、光源(yuan)、計算機(ji)(ji)、圖像(xiang)采集卡、監視(shi)屏以及機(ji)(ji)械安裝和調節(jie)裝置組成(cheng)。

3、光(guang)(guang)電(dian)傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)：光(guang)(guang)電(dian)傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)通(tong)常稱(cheng)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)開關，它由投光(guang)(guang)-受(shou)光(guang)(guang)頭、放(fang)大器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)源-控制器(qi)(qi)等(deng)三個組(zu)件組(zu)成

　　焊(han)接(jie)機器(qi)人(ren)在(zai)汽車(che)制造業(ye)(ye)中發揮著不可替(ti)代的作用(yong)，焊(han)接(jie)機器(qi)人(ren)是(shi)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)機器(qi)人(ren)基礎上發展起來的先進(jin)焊(han)接(jie)設備，是(shi)從事焊(han)接(jie)（包括(kuo)切割與噴(pen)涂）的工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)機器(qi)人(ren)，主(zhu)要用(yong)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)自動化領域，其(qi)廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)應用(yong)于(yu)汽車(che)及其(qi)零部件制造、摩托車(che)、工(gong)(gong)程機械等行業(ye)(ye)，在(zai)汽車(che)生產的沖(chong)壓、焊(han)裝、涂裝、總裝四大生產工(gong)(gong)藝過程都有廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)應用(yong)，其(qi)中應用(yong)最多(duo)的以弧焊(han)、點焊(han)為主(zhu)。

（1）工(gong)序(xu)(xu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化：制造工(gong)藝過程中包含(han)若(ruo)干個(ge)(ge)工(gong)序(xu)(xu)，每(mei)個(ge)(ge)工(gong)序(xu)(xu)又可能包含(han)若(ruo)干個(ge)(ge)基(ji)本動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)以及操縱和管理這(zhe)些基(ji)本動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)的操作(zuo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)及自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置僅代替人完成一個(ge)(ge)工(gong)序(xu)(xu)的加工(gong)及輔助工(gong)作(zuo)，稱為(wei)工(gong)序(xu)(xu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化。

（2）自(zi)動化生(sheng)產(chan)線：如果一(yi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程中的每個加工(gong)(gong)(gong)、檢驗(yan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序都自(zi)動化了，而且各個工(gong)(gong)(gong)序的輸送(song)聯系環也(ye)自(zi)動化了，工(gong)(gong)(gong)人只需(xu)對(dui)整個工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝進(jin)行總操作和監督，這就形成(cheng)了自(zi)動化加工(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)線。

（3）自(zi)動化制造(zao)系統：從(cong)原材(cai)料到最終成平的生(sheng)產全(quan)過(guo)程都不(bu)需(xu)要人工干預，這(zhe)就形成了制造(zao)過(guo)程自(zi)動化。

　　工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機(ji)器(qi)人（簡(jian)稱 IR）是廣泛適用的(de)(de)能夠(gou)自(zi)主(zhu)動作，且多軸(zhou)聯動的(de)(de)機(ji)械設備。它們通常配備有機(ji)械手、刀(dao)具或其(qi)他可裝配的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具，以及(ji)能夠(gou)執行(xing)搬運操(cao)作與加工(gong)(gong)(gong)制造的(de)(de)任(ren)務。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機(ji)器(qi)人在汽車(che)生產中的(de)(de)主(zhu)要應用有：點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，鉚接，涂膠，噴涂等。在汽車(che)零部(bu)件(jian)的(de)(de)生產中廣泛采(cai)用了點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)、凸焊(han)(han)(han)(han)、縫(feng)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)、對焊(han)(han)(han)(han)及(ji)電弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)等焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。例如：橫梁總成托架點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，傳動軸(zhou)平(ping)衡片凸焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽車(che)燃(ran)油箱縫(feng)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽車(che)輪圈連(lian)續閃光對焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽車(che)轉向臂、消聲器(qi)、凈化器(qi)殼體的(de)(de)電弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)等。

       目前(qian)，焊(han)(han)接工(gong)業(ye)機器人在一汽(qi)、上汽(qi)、沈(shen)陽中順(shun)、金杯通用(yong)、重慶長安、湖(hu)南長豐等(deng)整車制造企業(ye)廣(guang)泛(fan)應用(yong)，據統計每(mei)輛(liang)汽(qi)車車身上，大約有(you)3000～4000個電阻(zu)點(dian)焊(han)(han)焊(han)(han)點(dian)，電阻(zu)點(dian)焊(han)(han)技術的應用(yong)實現了汽(qi)車車身制造的量產化與(yu)自動化設備。

 相(xiang)關(guan)標簽：自(zi)動(dong)化設備 灌膠(jiao)機