自動化設備在我(wo)國(guo)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)最初應用(yong)是(shi)在汽車和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械(xie)行業(ye)(ye)，主要用(yong)于汽車及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械(xie)的(de)(de)(de)噴涂及焊(han)接。目前，由于機(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)技術以及研發的(de)(de)(de)落后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)還(huan)主要應用(yong)在制造業(ye)(ye)，非制造業(ye)(ye)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)較少。據統計，近(jin)幾年國(guo)內廠家所(suo)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)有超過一半是(shi)提供(gong)給汽車行業(ye)(ye)。可(ke)見，汽車工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展是(shi)近(jin)幾年我(wo)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)增長的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)動力之一。

1、位(wei)(wei)于傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)：當物(wu)件(jian)(jian)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)發(fa)生移(yi)(yi)動(dong)或兩個表面有位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)差(cha)別時，位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)或位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)差(cha)可用位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)來測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。比如激光位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)，將(jiang)激光束投射到物(wu)件(jian)(jian)上，利用三角測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)法測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)出物(wu)件(jian)(jian)的位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。

2、視覺(jue)傳感(gan)器：機(ji)(ji)(ji)器視覺(jue)檢測(ce)（識(shi)別）系(xi)統一般由數碼攝(she)像(xiang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、光源、計算機(ji)(ji)(ji)、圖像(xiang)采(cai)集卡(ka)、監(jian)視屏以及(ji)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械安(an)裝和調節(jie)裝置(zhi)組成(cheng)。

3、光(guang)電(dian)傳(chuan)感(gan)器：光(guang)電(dian)傳(chuan)感(gan)器通常稱光(guang)電(dian)開關(guan)，它(ta)由(you)投(tou)光(guang)-受光(guang)頭、放大器、電(dian)源(yuan)-控(kong)制器等三個(ge)組件組成

　　焊(han)(han)(han)接機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)人(ren)(ren)在汽車(che)(che)制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中發揮(hui)著不可替(ti)代的(de)作用(yong)，焊(han)(han)(han)接機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)人(ren)(ren)是在工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)人(ren)(ren)基(ji)礎上(shang)發展(zhan)起來的(de)先進焊(han)(han)(han)接設(she)備，是從(cong)事焊(han)(han)(han)接（包(bao)括(kuo)切割與(yu)噴涂）的(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)人(ren)(ren)，主要用(yong)于(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)自動(dong)化領域，其(qi)廣泛應用(yong)于(yu)(yu)汽車(che)(che)及其(qi)零部件制造(zao)、摩托(tuo)車(che)(che)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，在汽車(che)(che)生產(chan)的(de)沖(chong)壓(ya)、焊(han)(han)(han)裝、涂裝、總(zong)裝四大生產(chan)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過程(cheng)都有廣泛應用(yong)，其(qi)中應用(yong)最多(duo)的(de)以(yi)弧焊(han)(han)(han)、點焊(han)(han)(han)為主。

（1）工(gong)(gong)(gong)序自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)：制造工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程中(zhong)包(bao)含若干(gan)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序，每個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序又(you)可(ke)能包(bao)含若干(gan)個(ge)基本(ben)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)以及操縱和管理這些基本(ben)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)的操作(zuo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)及自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置僅代替人完成一個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)及輔助工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，稱(cheng)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)序自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)。

（2）自(zi)動(dong)化生(sheng)產線：如果一個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)藝過程(cheng)中的(de)每個(ge)(ge)加工(gong)(gong)、檢驗(yan)工(gong)(gong)序都自(zi)動(dong)化了，而且各個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)序的(de)輸送聯(lian)系環也(ye)自(zi)動(dong)化了，工(gong)(gong)人(ren)只(zhi)需(xu)對整個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)藝進行總操作和監督，這就(jiu)形成了自(zi)動(dong)化加工(gong)(gong)生(sheng)產線。

（3）自動(dong)化制造(zao)系統：從原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)到最終成平的生(sheng)產(chan)全過程(cheng)都不需要人工干(gan)預，這就形成了制造(zao)過程(cheng)自動(dong)化。

　　工業機器人（簡稱(cheng) IR）是(shi)廣(guang)泛適(shi)用的(de)能夠自主動作，且多軸聯動的(de)機械設備(bei)。它們(men)通常(chang)配(pei)備(bei)有機械手、刀具(ju)或其他可裝配(pei)的(de)加(jia)工工具(ju)，以及(ji)(ji)能夠執行搬運操作與加(jia)工制造的(de)任務(wu)。工業機器人在汽車(che)生產中(zhong)的(de)主要應用有：點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)，弧焊(han)(han)(han)，鉚接，涂膠(jiao)，噴涂等。在汽車(che)零(ling)部件的(de)生產中(zhong)廣(guang)泛采用了點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)、凸(tu)焊(han)(han)(han)、縫焊(han)(han)(han)、對(dui)(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)及(ji)(ji)電弧焊(han)(han)(han)等焊(han)(han)(han)接工藝。例如：橫梁總成(cheng)托架點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)，傳動軸平衡片凸(tu)焊(han)(han)(han)，汽車(che)燃油(you)箱縫焊(han)(han)(han)，汽車(che)輪(lun)圈連續閃(shan)光對(dui)(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)，汽車(che)轉向臂、消聲器、凈化器殼體的(de)電弧焊(han)(han)(han)等。

       目前(qian)，焊接工業機(ji)器人在一汽、上汽、沈陽中順、金杯通(tong)用(yong)(yong)、重慶長安、湖南長豐等整車(che)制造(zao)(zao)企業廣泛應用(yong)(yong)，據統(tong)計每輛汽車(che)車(che)身上，大約有3000～4000個電(dian)阻點(dian)焊焊點(dian)，電(dian)阻點(dian)焊技術的應用(yong)(yong)實(shi)現了汽車(che)車(che)身制造(zao)(zao)的量產化與(yu)自動化設(she)備。

 相(xiang)關標簽：自動化設(she)備(bei) 灌膠機