自動化設備在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人的(de)最初應用是在(zai)汽(qi)車(che)和工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)械行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，主(zhu)要(yao)用于(yu)汽(qi)車(che)及(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)械的(de)噴(pen)涂及(ji)(ji)焊接。目前，由于(yu)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人技術以(yi)及(ji)(ji)研發的(de)落后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人還(huan)主(zhu)要(yao)應用在(zai)制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)使用的(de)較(jiao)少。據統計，近幾(ji)年(nian)國(guo)內廠家所生產的(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人有(you)超過(guo)一半是提供給汽(qi)車(che)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。可(ke)見(jian)，汽(qi)車(che)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)發展是近幾(ji)年(nian)我(wo)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人增長的(de)原動力之一。

1、位(wei)(wei)于傳感(gan)器(qi)：當物(wu)(wu)件(jian)位(wei)(wei)置發(fa)生移(yi)(yi)動或(huo)兩個表(biao)面(mian)有位(wei)(wei)置差別時，位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)量(liang)或(huo)位(wei)(wei)置差可用位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)傳感(gan)器(qi)來測(ce)量(liang)。比如(ru)激光位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)傳感(gan)器(qi)，將(jiang)激光束投(tou)射到物(wu)(wu)件(jian)上，利用三(san)角測(ce)量(liang)法測(ce)量(liang)出物(wu)(wu)件(jian)的(de)位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)量(liang)。

2、視(shi)(shi)覺傳感器：機(ji)器視(shi)(shi)覺檢測（識(shi)別）系統一(yi)般由(you)數碼攝像(xiang)機(ji)、光源(yuan)、計算機(ji)、圖(tu)像(xiang)采集(ji)卡、監視(shi)(shi)屏以(yi)及(ji)機(ji)械安裝和調節裝置組成。

3、光電(dian)傳感器(qi)：光電(dian)傳感器(qi)通常(chang)稱光電(dian)開(kai)關，它由投光-受光頭、放大器(qi)、電(dian)源-控制器(qi)等三個組件組成(cheng)

　　焊接(jie)機器人在汽(qi)車(che)制造(zao)業中發(fa)(fa)揮著不(bu)可替代(dai)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)，焊接(jie)機器人是在工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機器人基礎(chu)上發(fa)(fa)展起來的(de)(de)先(xian)進(jin)焊接(jie)設(she)備(bei)，是從事焊接(jie)（包(bao)括切割與噴涂）的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機器人，主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業自動化領域，其廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)汽(qi)車(che)及(ji)其零部件制造(zao)、摩托車(che)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)程機械(xie)等行(xing)業，在汽(qi)車(che)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)沖壓、焊裝、涂裝、總裝四(si)大生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程都有(you)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，其中應(ying)用(yong)(yong)最多(duo)的(de)(de)以弧焊、點焊為主。

（1）工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化：制(zhi)造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程中包含(han)若(ruo)干(gan)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，每(mei)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)又可能包含(han)若(ruo)干(gan)個基本動(dong)(dong)(dong)作以(yi)及操(cao)縱和管理這(zhe)些基本動(dong)(dong)(dong)作的操(cao)作動(dong)(dong)(dong)作。自動(dong)(dong)(dong)機及自動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)僅(jin)代替人完成一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)的加工(gong)(gong)(gong)及輔助工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，稱為工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化。

（2）自(zi)動化生(sheng)產線：如果一個(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)藝過程中的每個(ge)(ge)(ge)加(jia)工(gong)、檢(jian)驗工(gong)序都(dou)自(zi)動化了，而且各個(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)序的輸送聯系環也自(zi)動化了，工(gong)人(ren)只需對整個(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)藝進(jin)行總操作和監督，這就形成了自(zi)動化加(jia)工(gong)生(sheng)產線。

（3）自動(dong)化(hua)制造系統：從原(yuan)材(cai)料到最終成平的生產全過程都不需要人工干預，這就形(xing)成了制造過程自動(dong)化(hua)。

　　工(gong)(gong)業(ye)機器人（簡(jian)稱(cheng) IR）是廣泛適用的(de)(de)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)自主(zhu)動作，且(qie)多軸聯動的(de)(de)機械設備。它們通(tong)常配(pei)備有機械手、刀具或(huo)其他可裝(zhuang)配(pei)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)具，以及(ji)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)執行搬運(yun)操(cao)作與加工(gong)(gong)制造(zao)的(de)(de)任務。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)機器人在汽(qi)(qi)車(che)生(sheng)產中的(de)(de)主(zhu)要應用有：點焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，弧焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，鉚接，涂膠，噴涂等(deng)。在汽(qi)(qi)車(che)零部件的(de)(de)生(sheng)產中廣泛采用了點焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)、凸(tu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)、縫(feng)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)、對焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)及(ji)電弧焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)等(deng)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。例(li)如：橫(heng)梁總成托架點焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，傳動軸平衡片凸(tu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)車(che)燃油箱縫(feng)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)車(che)輪(lun)圈連續閃光對焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)車(che)轉向臂(bei)、消聲器、凈化器殼(ke)體的(de)(de)電弧焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)等(deng)。

       目前，焊接工業機器人在一汽(qi)、上汽(qi)、沈陽(yang)中順、金杯通用(yong)、重慶長(chang)安、湖南長(chang)豐等整車(che)(che)(che)制(zhi)造企業廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)，據統計每輛汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)身上，大約有3000～4000個電(dian)阻點(dian)焊焊點(dian)，電(dian)阻點(dian)焊技術的應(ying)用(yong)實(shi)現了汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)身制(zhi)造的量(liang)產化(hua)與(yu)自(zi)動化(hua)設備。

 相關標簽(qian)：自動(dong)化設備 灌膠(jiao)機