自動化(hua)設備在(zai)我國，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)人的(de)(de)最初(chu)應用是在(zai)汽車(che)(che)和工(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械行業(ye)(ye)(ye)，主要(yao)用于汽車(che)(che)及工(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械的(de)(de)噴(pen)涂及焊(han)接。目前，由(you)于機(ji)器(qi)(qi)人技(ji)術以及研發的(de)(de)落(luo)后，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)人還主要(yao)應用在(zai)制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)，非制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)使用的(de)(de)較少。據統計，近幾年國內廠家所(suo)生產的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)人有超過一(yi)半是提(ti)供(gong)給汽車(che)(che)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)。可見，汽車(che)(che)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發展是近幾年我國工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)人增長的(de)(de)原動力之一(yi)。

1、位(wei)于傳(chuan)感(gan)器：當(dang)物件位(wei)置(zhi)發生移動或(huo)兩個表面有位(wei)置(zhi)差別時(shi)，位(wei)移量(liang)(liang)或(huo)位(wei)置(zhi)差可用位(wei)移傳(chuan)感(gan)器來測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)。比如(ru)激光(guang)位(wei)移傳(chuan)感(gan)器，將激光(guang)束投射(she)到物件上，利用三角測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)法測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)出物件的位(wei)移量(liang)(liang)。

2、視覺傳感器(qi)：機器(qi)視覺檢(jian)測（識別）系(xi)統(tong)一(yi)般(ban)由數碼攝像(xiang)機、光源(yuan)、計算機、圖像(xiang)采集卡(ka)、監視屏以(yi)及機械安裝和調節裝置組成。

3、光電傳(chuan)感器：光電傳(chuan)感器通(tong)常稱光電開關，它由(you)投光-受光頭、放大(da)器、電源-控制器等三個組件組成

　　焊接(jie)(jie)機(ji)(ji)器人在汽車(che)制造業中發揮著不(bu)可替(ti)代的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)，焊接(jie)(jie)機(ji)(ji)器人是在工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機(ji)(ji)器人基礎上發展起來(lai)的(de)(de)先進焊接(jie)(jie)設(she)備，是從事焊接(jie)(jie)（包括(kuo)切(qie)割(ge)與(yu)噴(pen)涂）的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機(ji)(ji)器人，主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)業自動(dong)化領域，其(qi)(qi)廣(guang)泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)于汽車(che)及其(qi)(qi)零部(bu)件制造、摩托(tuo)車(che)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)等行業，在汽車(che)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)沖壓、焊裝、涂裝、總(zong)裝四大生(sheng)產工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程都有廣(guang)泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)，其(qi)(qi)中應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)最多的(de)(de)以弧焊、點焊為主(zhu)。

（1）工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化：制造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程中包含若干個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，每個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)又可(ke)能包含若干個(ge)基本動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)以(yi)及操縱和管理這些(xie)基本動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)的(de)操作(zuo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機及自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置僅代替人完(wan)成一(yi)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及輔助(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，稱為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化。

（2）自(zi)動化(hua)生產線：如果一個(ge)工(gong)(gong)藝過程中的每個(ge)加工(gong)(gong)、檢驗工(gong)(gong)序(xu)都自(zi)動化(hua)了(le)，而(er)且各個(ge)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)的輸送聯系環(huan)也自(zi)動化(hua)了(le)，工(gong)(gong)人(ren)只需對(dui)整(zheng)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)藝進行總操作和監督，這就(jiu)形成了(le)自(zi)動化(hua)加工(gong)(gong)生產線。

（3）自動(dong)化制造系統(tong)：從原材(cai)料到最(zui)終成平的生(sheng)產全過程都(dou)不需要人工干預，這(zhe)就形成了制造過程自動(dong)化。

　　工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機器人（簡稱 IR）是(shi)廣(guang)泛適用的(de)(de)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)自主動作(zuo)，且多軸(zhou)聯動的(de)(de)機械(xie)設(she)備。它(ta)們通(tong)常配備有機械(xie)手、刀具或其他可裝配的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具，以(yi)及(ji)(ji)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)執行(xing)搬(ban)運操(cao)作(zuo)與加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)制(zhi)造的(de)(de)任(ren)務(wu)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機器人在汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)生產中的(de)(de)主要應(ying)用有：點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)，弧(hu)(hu)(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)，鉚接(jie)，涂(tu)膠，噴涂(tu)等(deng)(deng)。在汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)零部件的(de)(de)生產中廣(guang)泛采用了點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)、凸(tu)焊(han)(han)(han)、縫焊(han)(han)(han)、對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)及(ji)(ji)電弧(hu)(hu)(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)等(deng)(deng)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。例如：橫梁總(zong)成(cheng)托架點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)，傳動軸(zhou)平衡(heng)片凸(tu)焊(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)燃(ran)油箱(xiang)縫焊(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)輪圈連續(xu)閃光對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)轉向臂、消聲器、凈化器殼(ke)體的(de)(de)電弧(hu)(hu)(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)等(deng)(deng)。

       目前(qian)，焊接工業(ye)機器人在一汽(qi)、上汽(qi)、沈陽中順、金杯通用(yong)、重慶長安、湖南(nan)長豐等整車制造企業(ye)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)，據統計(ji)每輛(liang)汽(qi)車車身上，大約有3000～4000個電阻點(dian)(dian)焊焊點(dian)(dian)，電阻點(dian)(dian)焊技術的(de)應(ying)用(yong)實現了(le)汽(qi)車車身制造的(de)量產化(hua)與自動化(hua)設備。

 相關標簽：自(zi)動化設備 灌膠機