自動化設備在我(wo)國，工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人的(de)最(zui)初應用(yong)是在汽車和工(gong)程機(ji)(ji)械行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，主(zhu)要用(yong)于汽車及(ji)工(gong)程機(ji)(ji)械的(de)噴涂及(ji)焊接。目前，由于機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人技術(shu)以(yi)及(ji)研發的(de)落(luo)后(hou)，工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人還主(zhu)要應用(yong)在制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)使用(yong)的(de)較少。據(ju)統計，近(jin)幾年(nian)國內廠家所生(sheng)產的(de)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人有超過一(yi)半(ban)是提供給(gei)汽車行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。可(ke)見，汽車工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)發展是近(jin)幾年(nian)我(wo)國工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)人增長的(de)原動力之一(yi)。

1、位(wei)于傳感(gan)器(qi)：當物件位(wei)置(zhi)發生移(yi)動或(huo)兩個表面有位(wei)置(zhi)差別時，位(wei)移(yi)量(liang)(liang)或(huo)位(wei)置(zhi)差可用(yong)位(wei)移(yi)傳感(gan)器(qi)來測量(liang)(liang)。比如激光位(wei)移(yi)傳感(gan)器(qi)，將激光束投射到物件上(shang)，利用(yong)三(san)角測量(liang)(liang)法測量(liang)(liang)出物件的位(wei)移(yi)量(liang)(liang)。

2、視(shi)覺傳感器：機器視(shi)覺檢(jian)測（識別）系(xi)統一般(ban)由數碼攝像(xiang)(xiang)機、光(guang)源、計算機、圖像(xiang)(xiang)采集卡、監視(shi)屏(ping)以及機械安裝和調節裝置組成。

3、光電傳感(gan)器：光電傳感(gan)器通常稱光電開關，它由投光-受光頭、放(fang)大器、電源-控制器等(deng)三(san)個組(zu)件(jian)組(zu)成

　　焊接(jie)(jie)機(ji)器人在(zai)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)制造業(ye)中(zhong)發揮著不可替代(dai)的作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，焊接(jie)(jie)機(ji)器人是(shi)(shi)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)機(ji)器人基礎上發展(zhan)起來(lai)的先進(jin)焊接(jie)(jie)設(she)備，是(shi)(shi)從事焊接(jie)(jie)（包(bao)括切割與噴涂）的工(gong)(gong)業(ye)機(ji)器人，主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)自動(dong)化領域，其廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)及其零部件制造、摩托車(che)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械等行(xing)業(ye)，在(zai)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)生產的沖(chong)壓、焊裝(zhuang)、涂裝(zhuang)、總裝(zhuang)四大生產工(gong)(gong)藝過程(cheng)都有廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，其中(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)最(zui)多的以弧焊、點焊為主(zhu)。

（1）工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序自動化(hua)：制(zhi)造工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程中包含(han)若干(gan)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序，每(mei)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序又可能包含(han)若干(gan)個基(ji)本動作以(yi)及操縱和管理這些基(ji)本動作的操作動作。自動機及自動裝(zhuang)置僅代替人完(wan)成(cheng)一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序的加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及輔助工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，稱為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序自動化(hua)。

（2）自動化生產線(xian)：如果一(yi)個工(gong)(gong)藝過程(cheng)中的(de)每(mei)個加工(gong)(gong)、檢驗(yan)工(gong)(gong)序都自動化了(le)(le)，而且各個工(gong)(gong)序的(de)輸送聯系環也自動化了(le)(le)，工(gong)(gong)人只需對整個工(gong)(gong)藝進行總操作和監督，這(zhe)就(jiu)形成了(le)(le)自動化加工(gong)(gong)生產線(xian)。

（3）自動(dong)(dong)化制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)系統(tong)：從原材料到(dao)最(zui)終(zhong)成平的生產全過程(cheng)都不需要人工干(gan)預，這就形成了制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)過程(cheng)自動(dong)(dong)化。

　　工(gong)(gong)業機器(qi)(qi)人(ren)（簡稱 IR）是廣(guang)泛(fan)適用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能夠自主(zhu)動作，且多軸(zhou)聯動的(de)(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)設備。它們通常(chang)配備有(you)機械(xie)手、刀具或其他可裝配的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)具，以(yi)及能夠執(zhi)行(xing)搬運操作與(yu)加工(gong)(gong)制(zhi)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)任務。工(gong)(gong)業機器(qi)(qi)人(ren)在(zai)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)生(sheng)產中的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要應(ying)用(yong)有(you)：點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，鉚(liu)接，涂膠，噴涂等(deng)。在(zai)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)零部件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產中廣(guang)泛(fan)采用(yong)了點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)、凸(tu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)、縫(feng)(feng)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)、對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)及電(dian)弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)等(deng)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接工(gong)(gong)藝。例如(ru)：橫梁總成托(tuo)架點(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，傳動軸(zhou)平衡片凸(tu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)燃(ran)油箱縫(feng)(feng)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)輪(lun)圈連(lian)續閃光對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)，汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)轉向(xiang)臂、消聲器(qi)(qi)、凈化(hua)器(qi)(qi)殼體的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)等(deng)。

       目前(qian)，焊接工業(ye)機器人在(zai)一汽(qi)(qi)、上(shang)汽(qi)(qi)、沈陽中順(shun)、金杯通用、重(zhong)慶長安、湖(hu)南長豐等整(zheng)車(che)制(zhi)造企業(ye)廣泛應用，據統計每輛汽(qi)(qi)車(che)車(che)身上(shang)，大約有3000～4000個(ge)電阻點(dian)焊焊點(dian)，電阻點(dian)焊技(ji)術的應用實(shi)現了汽(qi)(qi)車(che)車(che)身制(zhi)造的量產化(hua)與(yu)自動化(hua)設備。

 相關(guan)標簽：自動(dong)化設(she)備 灌膠(jiao)機