自動(dong)化設備在(zai)我國，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)機器(qi)(qi)人的(de)(de)(de)最初應用是在(zai)汽(qi)車(che)(che)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程機械(xie)行業(ye)，主要(yao)(yao)用于汽(qi)車(che)(che)及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程機械(xie)的(de)(de)(de)噴涂及焊(han)接。目前(qian)，由于機器(qi)(qi)人技術以及研發的(de)(de)(de)落后，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)機器(qi)(qi)人還主要(yao)(yao)應用在(zai)制造(zao)業(ye)，非(fei)制造(zao)業(ye)使用的(de)(de)(de)較少(shao)。據統計(ji)，近幾(ji)年國內廠家所生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)機器(qi)(qi)人有超(chao)過(guo)一(yi)半是提供給汽(qi)車(che)(che)行業(ye)。可(ke)見，汽(qi)車(che)(che)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展是近幾(ji)年我國工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)機器(qi)(qi)人增長的(de)(de)(de)原動(dong)力之一(yi)。

1、位(wei)(wei)于(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)：當(dang)物(wu)件位(wei)(wei)置發生移(yi)動或(huo)兩個表面有位(wei)(wei)置差別(bie)時，位(wei)(wei)移(yi)量或(huo)位(wei)(wei)置差可用位(wei)(wei)移(yi)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)來測量。比如(ru)激(ji)光位(wei)(wei)移(yi)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)，將激(ji)光束投(tou)射到物(wu)件上，利用三角測量法(fa)測量出物(wu)件的位(wei)(wei)移(yi)量。

2、視覺傳(chuan)感(gan)器：機(ji)器視覺檢測（識(shi)別(bie)）系統(tong)一般由數碼攝像機(ji)、光源、計算機(ji)、圖像采集卡、監視屏以及機(ji)械安裝(zhuang)和(he)調節裝(zhuang)置組成。

3、光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)傳感器(qi)：光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)傳感器(qi)通常稱(cheng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)開關(guan)，它(ta)由投(tou)光(guang)(guang)(guang)-受光(guang)(guang)(guang)頭、放大器(qi)、電(dian)源(yuan)-控制器(qi)等三個組件組成

　　焊(han)(han)(han)接機器人(ren)在汽(qi)車(che)制造業(ye)(ye)中發(fa)揮著不可(ke)替代的作用，焊(han)(han)(han)接機器人(ren)是在工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)機器人(ren)基礎上發(fa)展起來(lai)的先進焊(han)(han)(han)接設備(bei)，是從(cong)事(shi)焊(han)(han)(han)接（包括切割與噴涂(tu)）的工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)機器人(ren)，主要用于工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)自動化領域，其(qi)(qi)廣泛應(ying)用于汽(qi)車(che)及其(qi)(qi)零部件制造、摩托(tuo)車(che)、工(gong)(gong)程機械等行業(ye)(ye)，在汽(qi)車(che)生產的沖壓、焊(han)(han)(han)裝、涂(tu)裝、總裝四大(da)生產工(gong)(gong)藝過程都有廣泛應(ying)用，其(qi)(qi)中應(ying)用最多的以弧焊(han)(han)(han)、點焊(han)(han)(han)為(wei)主。

（1）工(gong)(gong)序(xu)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化：制造工(gong)(gong)藝過程(cheng)中包含若干個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)，每個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)又可能包含若干個(ge)(ge)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)動(dong)(dong)作以及操(cao)縱和(he)管理這些基(ji)本(ben)(ben)動(dong)(dong)作的操(cao)作動(dong)(dong)作。自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)機及自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)裝置僅代替人完成一個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)的加工(gong)(gong)及輔助(zhu)工(gong)(gong)作，稱為工(gong)(gong)序(xu)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)化。

（2）自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)生(sheng)產線(xian)：如果一個工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)過程中的(de)每(mei)個加(jia)(jia)工(gong)、檢驗工(gong)序都(dou)自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)了，而且各(ge)個工(gong)序的(de)輸送(song)聯系環(huan)也自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)了，工(gong)人(ren)只需對整(zheng)個工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)進行總操作(zuo)和(he)監督，這就形成了自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)生(sheng)產線(xian)。

（3）自動化制造系統：從原材料(liao)到最終(zhong)成(cheng)平的生產全(quan)過程都不需要人工干預，這就形(xing)成(cheng)了制造過程自動化。

　　工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人（簡稱 IR）是廣(guang)泛適(shi)用(yong)(yong)的能(neng)夠(gou)自(zi)主(zhu)動作，且多軸聯動的機(ji)(ji)械設備。它們通(tong)常配(pei)備有機(ji)(ji)械手、刀具或其他可裝配(pei)的加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具，以及能(neng)夠(gou)執行搬運操作與加工(gong)(gong)(gong)制造的任務。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業機(ji)(ji)器(qi)人在汽(qi)車(che)(che)生(sheng)產中(zhong)的主(zhu)要應用(yong)(yong)有：點焊(han)，弧焊(han)，鉚(liu)接(jie)，涂(tu)膠，噴涂(tu)等(deng)。在汽(qi)車(che)(che)零部件的生(sheng)產中(zhong)廣(guang)泛采用(yong)(yong)了點焊(han)、凸(tu)焊(han)、縫(feng)焊(han)、對焊(han)及電弧焊(han)等(deng)焊(han)接(jie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。例如(ru)：橫梁總(zong)成(cheng)托架點焊(han)，傳動軸平衡片凸(tu)焊(han)，汽(qi)車(che)(che)燃油(you)箱縫(feng)焊(han)，汽(qi)車(che)(che)輪(lun)圈連續(xu)閃光對焊(han)，汽(qi)車(che)(che)轉(zhuan)向臂、消聲(sheng)器(qi)、凈化器(qi)殼體的電弧焊(han)等(deng)。

       目(mu)前，焊(han)(han)接工業(ye)機器(qi)人在一汽(qi)、上(shang)汽(qi)、沈陽中順(shun)、金杯通用(yong)、重慶長(chang)安、湖南長(chang)豐等(deng)整車(che)制(zhi)造企業(ye)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)，據(ju)統(tong)計(ji)每輛(liang)汽(qi)車(che)車(che)身(shen)上(shang)，大約(yue)有3000～4000個(ge)電(dian)阻點(dian)焊(han)(han)焊(han)(han)點(dian)，電(dian)阻點(dian)焊(han)(han)技術的應(ying)用(yong)實(shi)現了汽(qi)車(che)車(che)身(shen)制(zhi)造的量產化(hua)與自動(dong)化(hua)設備(bei)。

 相關標簽：自動(dong)化設備 灌膠機